Pathogenesis of AKI is complex and involves both local events in the kidney as well as systemic effects in the body that are\ninterconnected and interdependent. Despite intensive investigations there is still no pharmacological agent that could provide\ncomplete protection against cisplatin nephrotoxicity. In the last decade mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been proposed as a\npotentially useful therapeutic strategy in various diseases, including acute kidney injury. Although MSCs have potent\nimmunosuppressive properties, animal studies also suggest that transplanted MSCs may elicit immune response. Interestingly,\ntumorigenicity of transplanted MSCs in animal studies has been rarely studied. Since the risk of tumorigenicity of particular\ntherapy as well as the immune response to solid or cell grafts is a major issue in clinical trials, the aim of the present paper is to\ncritically summarize the results of MSC transplantation on animal models of AKI, particularly cisplatin-induced animal models,\nand to expose results and main concerns about immunogenicity and tumorigenicity of transplanted MSCs, two important issues\nthat need to be addressed in future studies.
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